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// fig06_02.cpp
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// fig06_02.cpp
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// Initializing an array in a declaration.
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// Initializing an array in a declaration.
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#include <format>
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//#include <format>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <array>
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#include <array>
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ int main() {
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// output each array element's value
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// output each array element's value
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values.size(); ++i) {
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values.size(); ++i) {
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std::cout << std::format("{} ", values.at(i));
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std::cout << values.at(i) << "\n";
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}
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}
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std::cout << "\n\n";
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std::cout << "\n\n";
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// output each array element's value
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// output each array element's value
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values2.size(); ++i) {
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values2.size(); ++i) {
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std::cout << std::format("{} ", values2.at(i));
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std::cout << values2[i] << "\n";
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}
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}
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std::cout << "\n";
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std::cout << "\n";
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@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ int main() {
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std::array items2{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
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std::array items2{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
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// display items before modification
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// display items before modification
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for (int i{0}; i<items.size();i++)
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std::cout << items[i] << "<-- items\n";
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std::cout << "items before modification: ";
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std::cout << "items before modification: ";
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for (const int& item : items) { // item is a reference to a const int
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for (const int& item : items) { // item is a reference to a const int
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std::cout << item << "<-- items\n";
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std::cout << item << "<-- items\n";
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}
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}
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std::cout << "items2 before modification:\n";
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std::cout << "items2 before modification:\n";
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for (const int& item : items) { // item is a reference to a const int
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for (const int& item : items) { // item is a reference to a const int
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std::cout << item << "<-- items2\n";
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std::cout << item << "<-- items2\n";
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@ -38,8 +42,6 @@ int main() {
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for (const int& item : items2) {
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for (const int& item : items2) {
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std::cout << item << "<-- items2\n";
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std::cout << item << "<-- items2\n";
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}
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}
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// sum elements of items using range-based for with initialization
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// sum elements of items using range-based for with initialization
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std::cout << "\n\ncalculating a running total of items' values:\n";
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std::cout << "\n\ncalculating a running total of items' values:\n";
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for (int runningTotal{0}; const int& item : items) {
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for (int runningTotal{0}; const int& item : items) {
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@ -8,11 +8,15 @@ int main() {
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constexpr size_t arraySize{5}; // must initialize in declaration
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constexpr size_t arraySize{5}; // must initialize in declaration
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std::array<int, arraySize> values{}; // array values has 5 elements
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std::array<int, arraySize> values{}; // array values has 5 elements
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/*
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values.size(); ++i) { // set the values
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for (size_t i{0}; i < values.size(); ++i) { // set the values
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values.at(i) = 2 + 2 * i;
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values.at(i) = 2 + 2 * i;
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}
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}
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*/
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for ( int index{0}; int& value : values) {
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value = 2 + 2 * index;
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index++;
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}
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// output contents of array values in tabular format
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// output contents of array values in tabular format
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for (const int& value : values) {
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for (const int& value : values) {
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std::cout << value << "\n";
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std::cout << value << "\n";
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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// fig06_06.cpp
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// fig06_06.cpp
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// Printing a student grade distribution as a primitive bar chart.
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// Printing a student grade distribution as a primitive bar chart.
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#include <format>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <array>
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#include <array>
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@ -11,19 +11,25 @@ int main() {
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std::default_random_engine engine{rd()}; // rd() produces a seed
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std::default_random_engine engine{rd()}; // rd() produces a seed
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std::uniform_int_distribution randomDie{0, 6};
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std::uniform_int_distribution randomDie{0, 6};
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std::uniform_real_distribution<double> randomReal{0, 1};
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constexpr size_t arraySize{7}; // ignore element zero
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constexpr size_t arraySize{7}; // ignore element zero
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std::array<int, arraySize> frequency{}; // initialize to 0s
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std::array<int, arraySize> frequency{}; // initialize to 0s
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constexpr size_t N{7};
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std::array<double, N> histogram{};
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// roll die 60,000,000 times; use die value as frequency index
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// roll die 60,000,000 times; use die value as frequency index
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for (int roll{1}; roll <= 60'000'000; ++roll) {
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for (int roll{1}; roll <= 60'000'000; ++roll) {
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++frequency.at(randomDie(engine));
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randomReal(engine);
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}
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}
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std::cout << "Face " << " Frequency \n";
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std::cout << "Face " << " Frequency \n";
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// output each array element's value
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// output each array element's value
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for (size_t face{1}; face < frequency.size(); ++face) {
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for (size_t face{1}; face < histogram.size(); ++face) {
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std::cout << face << " " << frequency.at(face) << "\n";
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std::cout << face << " " << histogram.at(face) << "\n";
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}
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}
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}
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}
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